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7/18/2002
TEA-21 Users Guide - Chapter 2
Spending the Money
What Happened to the ISTEA Programs?
After two years of argument, Congress ultimately made only a few
changes to the major funding categories. These Changes are
outlined in this chapter.
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Some notable changes in funding emphasis
include:
A 54 percent decrease in the share of total funding dedicated to
the construction of new highways, from 8.2 percent of total funds to
3.7 percent. The progress made by ISTEA to give communities a real
choice of whether to use their money to build new roads continues in
TEA-21.
A modest increase in the portion of funding devoted to repair and
preservation of the existing road system, from 23.8 percent of total
funding to 24.9 percent.
A slight increase in the share of total funds likely to go to
transit: as shown in Figure 2, 18.1 percent of the funding that
falls under TEA-21's spending guarantee is for transit. In ISTEA, 20
percent of all authorized funding was for transit, but it received
only 17.3 percent of actual appropriated funds.
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Key Funding Indicators: ISTEA vs TEA-21
TEA-21 Looks Like ISTEA
- The program structure of TEA-21 replicates that of ISTEA, with a few
minor exceptions.
- The Minimum Guarantee program is a source of both highly flexible
funds and funds targeted to specific uses.
TEA-21 Reference
Section 1104.
CMAQ Lives On
- CMAQ is here to stay. After ISTEA, CMAQ took some time to get
going, but now everyone will get a second chance to spend CMAQ
funds on projects that reduce air pollution.
- Some CMAQ dollars can be transferred to other uses as long as
they are spent in non-attainment areas, although the amount
involved is small.
- New non-attainment areas that result from the EPA's new air
quality standards will be eligible for existing CMAQ dollars, but
will not allow states to receive new CMAQ funds.
TEA-21 Reference:
Sections 1103,
1110
and 1310(c).
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ISTEA vs TEA-21 Levels for CMAQ--Dollars in
Billions
More Money for Transportation Enhancments
- The Transportation Enhancements program, with its commitment to
communities, the environment and aesthetic values, is here to
stay.
- Funding has increased by 58 percent over ISTEA. Approximately 3
percent of the total will be transferable to other uses.
- There have been some minor changes in eligibility.
- A new and promising program, the Transit Enhancements program,
will fund enhancement activities focusing exclusively on transit.
TEA-21 Reference:
Sections 1108,
1201,
and 1310.
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Planning Is Still A Powerful Tool, But
Dangers Lurk
- TEA- 21 introduces comprehensive, integrated planning goals,
rather than the more specific planning factors of ISTEA.
- Accountability, local control, and fiscal constraint remain, and
are still excellent tools.
- Current MIS requirements apply until new regulations are issued
by USDOT. The integration of MIS requirements with planning and
NEPA, if done properly, will preserve the strengths of MIS
process: substantive analysis of alternatives to major
transportation investments early in the process.
TEA-21 Reference:
Sections 1203,
1204,
and 1308.
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Applying the TEA-21 Planning Factors
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Long Range Considerations
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Project Selection Criteria
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Sample Projects
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| Support the
economic vitality of the metropolitan area, especially by enabling
global competitiveness, productivity, and efficiency |
- Intermodal facilities
- Rail and port access
- Public/private partnerships
- Land use policies
- Economic development
- Energy consumption
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- Community integration
- Long-term, meaningful employment opportunities
- Accessibility
- Modal connectivity
- Infrastructure impacts
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- Demand management
- System preservation
- Planned community development
- Transit-oriented design
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| Increase the
safety and security of the transportation system for motorized and
non-motorized users |
- Community access
- Transit usage
- Social equity
- System upgrades
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- Benefits across modes
- Community integration/impact
- Human safety
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- Transit facility improvements
- Traffic calming
- Dedicated right-of-way for different modes
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| Increase the
accessibility and mobility options available to people and for freight |
- Multimodal considerations
- Transit accessibility and level of service
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- Prevention of bottlenecks
- Segmentation prevented
- Intermodal connectivity
- Community-based economic development
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- System maintenance
- Intermodal facilities
- Planned community development
- Mixed use zoning
- Transit-oriented development
- Land use controls
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| Protect and
enhance the environment, promote energy conservation, and improve
quality of life |
- Air and water quality
- Energy consumption
- Livability of communities --social cohesion, physical
connection, urban design, and potential for growth
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- Environmental impact
- Emissions reductions
- Waterway preservation
- Preservation and conservation of resources
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- Demand management
- Scenic and historic preservation
- Planned community development
- Transit services
- Transit-oriented development
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| Enhance the
integration and connectivity of the transportation system, across and
between modes, for people and freight |
- Intermodal transfer facilities
- Rail and port access roads
- Container policies
- Freight policies/needs
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- Intermodal connectivity
- Accessibility for people and freight
- Congestion relief and improved safety
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- Intermodal facilities
- Rail extension to ports
- Transit or highway access to ports
- Modal coordination with social services
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| Promote
efficient system management and operation |
- Life cycle costs
- Development of intermodal congestion strategies
- Deferral of capacity increases
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- Improves use of existing system
- Congestion impacts
- Community and natural impacts
- Maintenance of existing facilities
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- Traffic, incident and congestion management programs
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| Emphasize the
preservation of the existing transportation system |
- Maintenance priorities
- Demand reduction strategies
- Reasonable growth assumptions
- Alternative modes
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- Maintenance vs. new capacity
- Reallocates use among modes
- Reflects planning strategies
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- Management System development
- Maintenance of roads, bridges, highways, rail
- Traffic calming
- Take-a-lane HOV
- Enhancement of alternative modes
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Fix It First: Taking Care Of What We Have
- ISTEA's system preservation programs remain the same, and the
portion of overall funding going to them increases.
- Interstate maintenance dollars still may not be spent to expand
capacity on Interstate highways or bridges.
TEA-21 Reference:
Sections 1103(b),
1107(a),
and 1310.
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The Surface Transportation Policy Project is a nationwide network of more than 800
organizations, including planners, community development organizations, and advocacy groups,
devoted to improving the nation’s transportation system.
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STPP
